中链脂肪酸在仔猪营养中的生理功能研究进展

Advances in Physiological Function of Medium-chain Fatty Acids in Piglet Nutrition

中链脂肪酸(MCFAs)由含有单羧酸的脂肪酸组成,6~12个碳原子不等,包括己酸(C6)、辛酸(C8)、癸酸(C10)和月桂酸(C12)。MCFAs可以通过胃黏膜被吸收,中链脂肪酸甘油三酯(MCTs)可以被完整地吸收进入肠上皮细胞,然后被微粒体脂肪酶水解。MCFAs是一种很容易获得的能量来源,不仅能够改善肠上皮黏膜结构,还因其能够穿透细菌的半透膜并破坏细胞内部结构而具有很强的抗菌活性。因此,MCFAs可以作为断奶仔猪饲料的良好补充剂,提高仔猪的生长性能,是一种潜在的饲料抗生素替代品。本文将从MCFAs对仔猪生长性能、肠道微生物平衡、肠道发育及免疫调节作用进行综述,为MCFAs在养猪业中的科学应用提供参考。

Medium-chain fatty acids(MCFAs)comprises monocarboxylic fatty acids containing from 6 to 12 carbon atoms,including caproic(C6),caprylic(C8),capric(C10),and lauric(C12)acids.MCFAs can be partly absorbed through stomach mucosa.MCFAs triacylglycerols(MCTs)can be absorbed intact into intestinal epithelial enterocytes and then hydrolyzed by microsomal lipases.MCFAs are a readily available source of energy,capable of improving the intestinal epithelial mucosal structure,which are also characterized by strong antibacterial activity due to their ability to penetrate the semi-permeable membranes of bacteria and damage their internal structures.MCFAs improve piglet performance and can be used as feed antibiotic replacers due to these properties.The aim of the present review is to systematically summarizethe effects of MCFAs on the regulation of piglet growth performance,gut microbiota,intestinal development and immunomodulatory,which provides references for the scientific application of MCFAs in pig production.