开放条件下中国式技术变迁对居民消费的影响研究

Research on the Influence of China’s Technology Change on Residents’ Consumption under Open Conditions

改革开放以来,中国式技术变迁采取引进式技术进步方式以加快国内技术的追赶,推动了经济的快速增长。引进式技术进步以资本为载体,具有资本偏向和技能偏向的特征,导致资本报酬挤占劳动报酬和劳动报酬内部分配不均,致使消费需求增长乏力。中国式技术变迁具有强制性特征,使得技术引进更多地集中于东部沿海地区、城市工业和高新技术行业,导致生产力结构不平衡,加剧了收入分配不均衡和消费支出下降。在当前国内外技术差距缩小、国外对核心技术封锁的现实条件下,中国式技术变迁路径需要从引进式技术进步转向原发式技术进步,在实现增长动能转换的同时,激发居民消费潜力。

Since the reform and opening-up,China’s technology change has adopted the mode of technology import to speed up the catch-up of domestic technology and promote the rapid economic growth.With capital as the carrier,technology import has the characteristics of capital and skill bias,which leads to the misappropriation of capital remuneration and the uneven inside distribution of labor remuneration,resulting in the weak growth of consumption demand.China’s technology change has mandatory characteristics,which makes technology import more concentrated in the eastern coastal areas,urban industries and high-tech industries,leading to the imbalance of productivity structure,and aggravating the imbalance of income distribution and consumption expenditure.Under the current conditions of narrowing the technology gap at home and abroad and blocking the core technology at abroad,the path of China’s technology change needs to change from the technology import to the original technology innovation,which can not only realize the transformation of growth momentum,but also stimulate the potential of residents’consumption.