西藏朗县藏冬桃繁育基地土壤养分的特征

Soil Nutrient Characteristics of Winter Peach Seedling Propagation Bases in Lang County,Tibet

为朗县藏冬桃生产上的科学施肥与管理提供参考依据,选择土壤的pH、有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾8个养分含量指标,研究朗县5个藏冬桃繁育基地的土壤养分特征。结果表明:朗县5个藏冬桃繁育基地除朗镇巴热村土壤pH达8.5的强碱性外,其余基地土壤为中性;有机质平均含量变幅为18.00~43.55 g/kg,多数为含量较为丰富水平,土壤全氮平均含量变幅为1.05~1.63 g/kg,等级为中上或丰富,碱解氮含量均偏低,仅朗镇巴热村含量为60~89 mg/kg,等级为中下,其余基地均低于30 mg/kg,等级为极缺;全磷平均含量变幅为0.14~0.40 g/kg,等级为缺乏或极度缺乏,速效磷平均含量变幅为9.36~18.98 mg/kg,除洞嘎镇诺村其含量等级为中下外,其余基地等级均为中上;全钾平均含量变幅为7.23~13.95 g/kg,其中,朗镇巴热村其含量等级为中下,其余基地等级均为缺乏;速效钾平均含量变幅为9.09~26.18 mg/kg,所有基地其含量等级均为极缺。钾素缺乏是阻碍藏冬桃苗木繁育的主要限制因子,在田间生产管理中应根据亏缺程度,确定施肥量,提高土壤钾肥的供应能力。

The soil nutrient characteristics of five winter peach propagation bases were studied by analyzing eight soil nutrients(pH,organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus,available nitrogen and available potassium)to provide a reference for scientific fertilization and field management of winter peach seedling propagation in Lang County,Tibet.Result:The soil pH is neutral except for Bare Village(8.5).The soil organic matter content of most bases is at abundant level with a range from 18.00 to 43.55 g/kg.The soil total nitrogen content of five bases reaches an abundant or upper-middle level with a range from 1.05 to 1.63 g/kg.The soil available nitrogen content of Bare Village is 60-89 mg/kg with a lower-middle level and other four bases is<30 mg/kg with an extremely deficient level.The range of average total phosphorus content is 0.14-0.40 g/kg with a deficient or extremely deficient level.The range of average available phosphorus content is 9.36-18.98 mg/kg with a upper-middle level except for Nuo Village.The range of average total potassium content is 7.23-3.95 g/kg with a deficient level except for Bare Village(at lower-middle level).The range of average available potassium content is 9.09-26.18 mg/kg with an extremely deficient level.Potassium deficient in soil is the main restriction factor to influence seedling propagation of winter peach in Lang County,Tibet.The potassium fertilization amount should be determined to improve the supply ability of soil potassium according to soil potassium deficient degree in field management of winter peach seedling propagation in Lang County,Tibet.