犬体型大小相关基因的研究进展

Advance in Genes Related to Dog Size

犬作为人类最早驯化的家养动物,在人类发展史和现代生活中扮演着非常重要的角色,如伴侣、看护、导盲、军警用犬等。人工选择过程使得家犬产生了极大的表型多样性,其中体型性状是犬最显著的表型性状之一,属高遗传力性状。本文综述了犬体型性状相关基因IGF1、IGF1R、GHR1、GHR2、SMAD2、STC2、HMGA2、IGSF1、ACSL4及IRS4的研究进展,为未来工作犬体型遗传改良育种提供重要的靶点和依据,为进一步阐明人类及其他家养动物在体型上的遗传变异提供参考。

The first domesticated companion animal,the domestic dogs(Canis lupus familiaris),play an astonishing range of roles in the history of human development and modern life,such as companion dogs,guide dogs,military and police dogs and so on.Dogs have immense phenotypic diversity across individual breeds resulting from human selective pressures.Body size is one of the most significant phenotypic traits in dogs,which belongs to high heritability traits.This paper reviews the research progress on major candidate genes related to dog size,such as IGF1,IGF1R,GHR1,GHR2,SMAD2,STC2,HMGA2,IGSF1,ACSL4 and IRS4.It not only provides an important target and basis for future work in dog size genetic improvement breeding,but also provides a reference for further elucidating the genetic variation in body size of human and other domestic animals.