正电子发射计算机断层显像在帕金森病诊断中的应用

Application Progress of Positron Emission Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease

帕金森病(PD)的诊断和鉴别诊断缺乏有效的早期生物标志,正电子发射计算机断层显像(PET)技术的发展为这一临床需求提供了可能。PET神经突触多巴胺能显像及葡萄糖代谢显像能直观地显示突触前、突触间隙及突触后膜多巴胺的存贮、释放、转运、结合及相关脑区能量代谢变化;淀粉样蛋白显像及微管相关蛋白Tau显像则反映PD相关认知障碍标志性蛋白的分布特点;而炎症细胞显像可反映PD脑内胶质细胞活化规律。该技术从不同侧面呈现PD相关脑区结构、功能及物质代谢差异,为PD早期诊断和鉴别诊断提供新的客观依据。

There are insufficient effective biomarkers for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Parkinson′s disease(PD).The development of positron emission computed tomography(PET)technology provides a possibility to meet this clinical demand.PET synaptic dopaminergic imaging and brain glucose metabolism imaging can intuitively show the dopamine storage,release,transport and combination at presynaptic,synaptic cleft and postsynaptic membrane,and the energy metabolism in related brain regions.Amyloid imaging and microtubule associated protein Tau imaging reflect the distribution characteristics of related iconic cognitive impairment protein in PD.Inflammatory cell imaging reflects the pattern of glial activation in the brain in PD.The PET technology from different angles,presents the differences of structure,function and metabolism in the related brain area in PD,and provides new objective evidences for the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis in PD.