青年缺血性脑卒中的危险因素

Risk Factors of Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults

近年来,青年缺血性脑卒中的发病率明显升高,严重影响青年患者的劳动能力及生活能力,并给患者家庭和社会带来沉重的经济负担,已成为不可忽视的问题。与老年缺血性脑卒中相比,青年缺血性脑卒中的危险因素更加复杂多变,传统血管危险因素仍是青年缺血性脑卒中的主要原因,其中心源性栓塞、颈动脉夹层、烟雾病等是临床常见的青年缺血性脑卒中危险因素。此外,血液系统异常、恶性肿瘤、遗传风险因素、呼吸睡眠暂停、精神活性药物滥用等亦可引起青年缺血性脑卒中,因此针对病因选择有效的预防治疗措施十分重要。

In recent years,the incidence of ischemic stroke in young people has increased significantly,seriously affec- ting the working and living ability of the patients,and bringing heavy economic burden to their families and society,which has become a problem that cannot be ignored.Compared with senile ischemic stroke,the risk factors of young ischemic stroke are more complex and changeable.Vascular risk factors are still the main causes of young ischemic stroke,among which cardiogenic embolism,carotid dissection,moyamoya disease and so on are common risk factors.In addition,abnorma- lities in blood system,malignancies,genetic risk factors,sleep apnea and abuse of psychoactive drugs can also cause ischemic stroke in young people.Therefore,it is very important to select effective preventive and therapeutic measures targeting at the specific causes.