慢性乙型肝炎患者家属健康商数状况调查及影响因素分析

Investigation on Health Quotient of Family Members of Chronic Hepatitis B Patients and Analysis on Influential Factors

目的 探讨慢性乙型肝炎患者家属健康商数及其影响因素。 方法 随机选择2018年3—5月在西安交通大学第一附属医院感染科住院或门诊就诊的慢性乙型肝炎患者的320名家属作为调查对象,采用自编的社会一般资料调查表和谢华珍《健康商数问卷》,调查其健康商数水平及影响因素。 结果 现场共发放问卷320份,收回问卷306份,其中有效问卷294份,问卷有效回收率为91.88%。294例慢性乙型肝炎患者家属的生活方式、精神状态、自我保健、人生技能、健康知识的健康商数评分分别为(5.89±0.64)分、(5.49±0.71)分、(5.22±0.80)分、 (5.35± 0.78)分、(4.88±0.86)分,均显著低于健康商数临界值[(6.00±0.00)分]( P <0.01),其中自我保健和健康知识维度显著降低。多元线性回归分析结果显示,性别、文化程度、家庭成员关系、医疗报销形式为慢性乙型肝炎患者家属健康商数的影响因素( P <0.01)。 结论 慢性乙型肝炎患者家属的健康商数需要全方位多角度提升,其中文化程度、家庭成员关系和医疗报销形式是慢性乙型肝炎患者家属健康商数评分的危险因素,提示针对不同的个体需要提供个性化的健康教育内容和教育方式,最终达到更好的健康管理,促进整体健康状况的提升。

Objective To explore the health quotient of family members of patients with chronic hepatitis B and its influencing factors. Methods From Mar. 2018 to May 2018,320 family members of patients with chronic hepatitis B who were hospitalized or outpatients in the Department of Infection,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University were randomly selected as the objects of investigation. The level of health quotient and its influencing factors were investigated by using the self-designed social general data questionnaire and Xie Huazhen′s <health quotient questionnaire>. Results A total of 320 questionnaires were issued,306 were returned,of which 294 were valid,with an effective recovery rate of 91.88% .The average scores of lifestyle,mentality,self-care,life skills,health knowledge were significantly lower than the critical value of health quotient[(5.89±0.64) point,(5.49±0.71) point,(5.22±0.80) point,(5.35±0.78) point,(4.88±0.86) point vs (6.00±0.00) point]( P <0.05).And the score of dimensions about self-care and health knowledge decreased significantly.The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that sex,education level,family member relationship and the pattern of medical reimbursement were the risk factors for the health quotient of family members of patients with chronic hepatitis B( P <0.05). Conclusion The health quotient of family members of patients with chronic hepatitis B needs all-round and multi-angle promotion,and the risk factors include education level,family member relationship and the pattern of medical reimbursement.It is suggested that individualized health education contents and methods should be provided according to the needs of different individuals,in order to achieve better health management and improve the overall health status.