肝素诱导的血小板减少症治疗的研究进展

Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia Treatment

肝素诱导的血小板减少症是一种罕见的血栓前的药物反应,由抗血小板因子4抗体,即一种肝素依赖的IgG特异性抗体,通过与血小板Fc受体结合而激活血小板,最终导致可能的肢体坏死或危及生命的血栓栓塞等并发症。目前主要的治疗选择包括阿加曲班、达那肝素和比伐芦定等胃肠外抗凝药物。然而近年来,新型口服抗凝药、静注人免疫球蛋白以及血浆置换等新兴治疗方法不断引起人们的关注。现对肝素诱导的血小板减少症治疗的研究进展做一概述。

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia(HIT)is a rare prethrombotic drug response that binds to platelet Fc receptors by an anti-platelet factor 4 antibody that is a heparin-dependent IgG-specific antibody.Activation of platelets ultimately leads to complications such as possible limb necrosis or life-threatening thromboembolism.Current major treatment options include parenteral anticoagulants such as argatroban,danapaparin and bivalirudin.However,in recent years,new oral anticoagulants,intravenous immunoglobulins and plasmapheresis have been emerging.This article aims to provide an overview of the research progress in HIT treatment.