阿扎司琼治疗恶性肿瘤化疗性恶心呕吐的效果观察

Effect of azasetron on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with malignant tumor

目的探讨阿扎司琼对恶性肿瘤化疗性恶心呕吐的治疗效果及对卡氏功能状态(KPS)评分的影响。方法根据随机数字表法将100例化疗并发恶心呕吐的恶性肿瘤患者随机分为A组(采用阿扎司琼治疗)和B组(采用昂丹司琼治疗),每组50例。比较两组患者治疗前后的恶心、呕吐症状分级情况,血清5-羟色胺(5-HT)水平、多巴胺(DA)水平、KPS评分及治疗过程中的不良反应发生情况。结果治疗前后,两组患者的恶心、呕吐症状分级情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。治疗前,两组患者的血清5-HT水平、DA水平、KPS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05);治疗后,A组患者的血清5-HT、DA水平均明显低于B组患者,KPS评分明显高于B组患者(P﹤0.01)。A组患者的不良反应总发生率低于B组患者(P﹤0.05)。结论阿扎司琼对化疗并发恶心呕吐的恶性肿瘤患者的治疗效果与昂丹司琼相当,但阿扎司琼能够有效降低恶性肿瘤患者的血清5-HT、DA水平,改善患者机体的功能状态,降低不良反应总发生率。

Objective To investigate the effect of azasetron on nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy for malignant tumor,and the influence on Karnofsky performance status(KPS)in patients with malignant tumor.Method A total of 100 patients with nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy were randomly divided into group A and group B with 50 cases in each,using a random number table.Group A was treated with azasetron while group B with ondansetron.The grade of nausea and vomiting symptoms,5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),dopamine(DA),KPS scores and adverse reactions during treatment were compared between the two groups.Result Before and after treatment,the grade of nausea and vomiting symptoms were similar between the two groups(P>0.05).Before treatment,the serum levels of 5-HT,DA and KPS scores of patients in the two groups showed no statistically significant difference(P>0.05);after treatment,the serum 5-HT,DA level in group A were lower than those in group B(P<0.05),however the KPS scores in groups A was higher compared to group B(P<0.01).The incidence of adverse reactions in group A was lower than that in group B(P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of azasetron on nausea and vomiting in patients with malignant tumors undergoing chemotherapy is similar to that of ondansetron,while azasetron therapy induced lower incidence of adverse reactions,thus may effectively reduce the serum 5-HT and DA levels,improve the functional state of patients,and reduce the overall incidence of adverse reactions.