设施甜椒土垄和垄嵌基质栽培方式CO2排放通量日变化比较

Comparison of Daily Variation of CO2 Emission Flux in Sweet Pepper Ridge and Ridge Embedded Substrate Cultivation in the Facility

为了探究新型栽培方式下甜椒苗期CO2的排放量和排放日变化特征,明确新型栽培方式下最佳的蔬菜减排栽培模式,通过静态箱-气相色谱法分别对土垄栽培、土垄内嵌式基质栽培(SSC)标准垄、SSC矮垄3种栽培模式的内嵌区和土垄栽培、SSC标准垄、SSC矮垄的整个垄部进行连续地取气测定。结果表明:测定时间段内,设施甜椒苗期的CO2的排放通量呈现单峰型,与室内气温、地表下5 cm深温度的变化趋势相一致。CO2的排放通量呈现昼高夜低的现象,在白天,土垄的垄部CO2的排放通量平均排放通量最高,为325 mg/(m^2·h),SSC标准垄的垄部CO2的排放通量平均排放通量最低,为164 mg/(m^2·h);在夜间,土垄的垄部CO2的排放通量平均排放通量最高,为110 mg/(m^2·h),SSC矮垄的垄部CO2的排放通量平均排放通量最低,为78 mg/(m^2·h)。土垄的CO2的排放通量日变化波动较大,SSC栽培的CO2的排放通量日变化较为稳定。此外,3种栽培处理的根区温度日变化趋于一致,峰值滞后于室内气温1~3 h,但3种处理的根区温度数值有所差异,SSC标准垄相较于更有优势。综上所述,SSC栽培模式有利于设施蔬菜的减排效应,对于日光温室中设施蔬菜的栽培技术具有应用前景。

In order to explore the CO2 emissions and the characteristic of daily emissions variation of sweet pepper seedlings in the new cultivation mode,and to put forward that the optimal cultivation model of reducing emissions of vegetables under the new cultivation mode.Based on static box-gas chromatography technology which was used for the continuous determination of gas in-growing areas of three cultivation modes soil cultivation in-line substrate cultivation(SSC)standard ridges,SSC dwarf ridges,and the whole ridge of sown cultivation and ridge cultivation,SSC standard ridges,and SSC dwarf ridges were continuously taken.The results showed that the CO2 emission fluxes at the seedling stage of facility sweet pepper presented a single-peak pattern during the measurement period,which was consistent with the variation trend of indoor air temperature and the temperature at a depth of 5 cm under the surface.CO2 emission fluxes showed a phenomenon of high day and low night.In the daytime,the average CO2 emission fluxes in the rows of soil rows were the highest,325 mg/(m^2·h),and the average CO2 emission fluxes in the rows of SSC standard rows were the lowest,164 mg/(m^2·h).At night,the average emission fluxes of CO2 at the ridge of the soil row were the highest,110 mg/(m^2·h),and the average emission fluxes of CO2 at the ridge of the SSC low row were the lowest,78 mg/(m^2·h).The diurnal variation of CO2 emission fluxes in soil rows fluctuated greatly,and the diurnal variation of CO2 emission fluxes in SSC cultivation were relatively stable.In addition,the diurnal variation of root zone temperature of the three cultivation treatments tended to be consistent,and the peak value lagged behind the indoor air temperature for 1-3 h.In summary,SSC cultivation mode is beneficial to the emission reduction effect of facility vegetables,and has promising prospect for the cultivation technology of facility vegetables in solar greenhouse.