盐碱地不同柳枝稷品种生物质产量及氮素吸收利用特性研究

Study on Yield and Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization Characteristics of Different Switchgrass Varieties in Saline-alkali Land

为寻求适合宁夏银北盐碱地区种植的柳枝稷品种,通过田间试验,分析比较了11个不同来源柳枝稷品种的生物质产量及氮素吸收利用规律。结果表明:在11个柳枝稷品种中,Alamo生物产量最高,为20.47 t/hm^2,显著高于其他品种生物产量(P<0.05),在整个生育期内氮素吸收效率均呈现先下降然后上升最后再下降的总趋势,而且Cave-in-Rock氮素吸收效率在开花期和灌浆期均较高,显著高于其他品种的吸收速率(P<0.05),Black Well氮素利用效率最高,达69.26 kg/kg,由聚类结果可知,分为四类。其中第2类中Alamo品种柳枝稷生物产量最高,氮素利用效率仅次于Black Well,为67.66 kg/kg,二者之间没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。综合分析得出:在该地区种植Alamo品种柳枝稷既能获得较高的生物产量,又能避免因施用过量的氮肥而带来一系列环境污染问题,为其在盐碱地栽培管理提供一定的理论依据。

In order to find a variety of switchgrass varieties suitable for planting in the Yinbei saline-alkali area of Ningxia,this study analyzed and compared the biomass yield and nitrogen uptake and utilization of 11 different species of switch grass varieties through field experiments.The results showed that among the 11 switchgrass varieties,the yield of Alamo was the highest,which was 20.47 t/ha,which was significantly higher than that of other varieties(P<0.05).The nitrogen uptake efficiency decreased firstly during the whole growth period.The general trend of rising and then decreasing,and the absorption efficiency of Cave-in-Rock nitrogen was higher in the flowering and filling stages,which was significantly higher than that in other varieties(P<0.05).Black Well nitrogen utilization efficiency was the highest.Up to 69.26 kg/kg,it can be known from the clustering results that it is divided into four categories.Among them,the Alamo variety of switchgrass in the second category had the highest biological yield,and the nitrogen use efficiency was second only to Black Well,which was 67.66 kg/kg.There was no significant difference between the two(P>0.05).The comprehensive analysis showed that planting Alamo variety switchgrass in this area can not only obtain higher biological yield,but also avoid a series of environmental pollution problems caused by excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer,and provide a theoretical basis for its cultivation and management in saline-alkali soil.