患者输血前感染性指标检测的临床意义

Clinical significance of the detection of infectious indicators in patients before transfusion

目的:了解患者输血前传染病的感染情况。方法:选取2018年1-12月输血前及手术患者8770例,采用磁微粒化学发光法(CLIA)定量检测血清中的乙型肝炎病毒抗原(HBsAg)、丙型肝炎病毒抗体(抗-HCV IgG)、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体(抗-HIV)及梅毒螺旋体抗体(抗-TP)。结果:8770例患者中,HBsAg感染174例(1.98%),抗-HCV IgG感染51例(0.58%),抗-HIV感染64例(0.73%),抗-TP感染34例(0.39%)。323例阳性感染患者中年龄≥60岁HBsAg感染56例,抗-HCV IgG感染12例,抗-HIV感染14例,抗-TP感染13例;年龄<60岁HBsAg感染118例,抗-HCV IgG感染39例,抗-HIV感染50例,抗-TP感染21例。323例阳性感染患者中HBsAg感染男122例,女52例;抗-HCV IgG感染男36例,女15例;抗-HIV感染男43例,女21例;抗-TP感染男18例,女16例。结论:输血前感染性指标检测对于患者传染病的早期诊治、避免和预防医院感染、医务人员职业感染以及减少或避免因输血引起的医疗纠纷具有重要意义。

Objective:To understand the infection status of patients before transfusion.Methods:8770 patients before transfusion and surgery from January to December 2018 were selected.The serum levels of Hepatitis B virus antigen(HBsAg),hepatitis C virus antibody(anti-HCV IgG),human immunodeficiency virus antibody(anti-HIV)and Treponema pallidum antibody(anti-TP)were measured by magnetic particle chemiluminescence(CLIA).Results:Among 8770 patients,174 cases(1.98%)were infected with HBsAg,51cases(0.58%)were infected with anti-HCV IgG,64 cases(0.73%)were infected with anti-HIV,and 34 cases(0.39%)were infected with anti-TP.Among the 323 positive cases,56 cases of HBsAg infection,12 cases of anti-HCV IgG infection,14 cases of anti-HIV infection and 13 cases of anti-TP infection were found in patients aged over 60 years.Among patients younger than 60 years,118 cases were infected with HBsAg,39 cases were infected with anti-HCV IgG,50 were infected with anti-HIV,and 21 were infected with anti-TP.Of the 323 positive patients,122 were male with HBsAg and 52 were female,36 were male with anti-HCV IgG and 15 were female,43 cases were male with anti-HIV infection and 21 were female,18 cases were male with anti-TP infection and 16 were female.Conclusion:The detection of infective index before blood transfusion is of great significance for early diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases,the avoidance and prevention of hospital infections and occupational infections of medical staff,and the reduction or avoidance of medical disputes caused by blood transfusion.