乳腺癌化学预防相关药物的研究进展

Research progress of the chemoprevention agents for breast cancer

乳腺癌作为女性最常见的恶性肿瘤,具有发病率高、侵袭性强、极易复发和转移的特点。尽管近年来乳腺癌的病死率有所下降,但其发病率尚未得到有效地控制。化学预防是指对无症状的高风险人群使用自然或加工合成的化学药物进行一级、二级预防,从而降低疾病发病率的一种预防措施。目前允许应用于临床的乳腺癌化学预防药物仅雌激素受体调节剂及芳香化酶抑制剂2类,故应积极采取措施寻找新的高效、低毒且兼顾较多数人群的预防药物。本文就6类乳腺癌化学预防药物(雌激素受体调节剂、芳香化酶抑制剂、阿司匹林、二甲双胍、黄酮类化合物和聚ADP核糖聚合酶抑制剂)的作用机制及相关实验研究作一综述。

As one of the most common malignant tumors in women,breast cancer has the characteristics of high incidence,strong invasion,easy recurrence and metastasis.Although the mortality of breast cancer has decreased in recent years,its incidence has not been effectively controlled.Chemoprevention is a kind of preventive measure to reduce the incidence of disease by using natural or synthetic chemical drugs to prevent the asymptomatic high-risk population.At present,only estrogen receptor modulators and aromatase inhibitors are allowed to be used in clinical chemoprevention of breast cancer.Therefore,researcher should actively take measures to find new high-efficient,low-toxic chemoprevention agents that take into account the majority of the population.The main purpose of this review is to summarize the mechanisms and related experimental studies of six chemoprevention agents for breast cancer including estrogen receptor modulators,include aromatase inhibitors,aspirin,metformin,flavones and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases inhibitors.