广州市小学生体力活动和静态行为与20 m往返跑的关联

Association of physical activity and sedentary behavior with 20 m shuttle run test performance among children

目的探讨体力活动和静态行为的独立和联合作用与儿童20 m往返跑(20 m SRT)的关系,为促进儿童心肺耐力的提高提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,于2017年抽取广州市城区1所小学共1 144名6~12岁儿童完成问卷调查和20 m SRT测试。利用问卷收集体力活动、静态行为时间,20 m SRT测试成绩按年龄和性别计算标准Z分。根据不同体力活动和静态行为水平,将研究对象分成6组。采用多重线性回归和Logistic回归分别分析体力活动和静态行为的独立和联合作用与20 m SRT的关系。结果中高强度体力活动≥60 min/d的比例为43.1%,静态行为高水平的比例为35.4%。体力活动水平低和静态行为水平较高与20 m SRT成绩呈独立负相关(β值分别为-2.99,-1.75,P值均<0.05)。与体力活动水平高且静态行为水平较低者相比,体力活动水平低组或静态行为水平较高组20 m SRT为低等级的风险均增加(P值均<0.05),并且随着体力活动水平的降低和静态行为水平的升高,风险逐渐增加(P趋势<0.05)。结论体力活动和静态行为与儿童20 m SRT成绩独立相关,且体力活动水平的下降和高水平静态行为的联合趋势作用与20 m SRT成绩较差的风险增加存在剂量-反应关系。

Objective To investigate the independent and joint associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with 20 m shuttle run test(20 m SRT) performance among children. Methods Using cluster random sampling method, a total of 1 144 children aged 6-12 years from 1 urban primary school in Guangzhou were selected and completed the questionnaire survey, physical examination, and 20 m SRT. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were collected through questionnaire. Poor performance on 20 m SRT run test was defined as standard Z score ≤0, which was calculated according to gender, age-specific mean and standard deviation. Based on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)(≥60 min/d, 30-<60 min/d, or <30 min/d) and sedentary behavior levels(cut-off point: the gender, age-specific 50 th percentile value), all participants were divided into six subgroups. Multiple linear regression and Logistic regression were used to analyze the independent and joint associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with 20 m SRT performance, respectively. Results Low level of physical activity(β=-2.99, P<0.05) and high sedentary behavior(β=-1.75, P<0.05) were independently correlated with lower 20 m SRT performance. Compared with the reference group(MVPA≥60 min/d and low sedentary behavior), the risk for low performance on 20 m SRT was higher in those with MVPA<30 min/d, or those with high sedentary behavior. The risk for poor performance on 20 m SRT was gradually elevated with decreased physical activity levels in combination with higher level of sedentary behavior(P<0.05). Conclusion Physical activity and sedentary behavior were independently related to 20 m SRT performance among children. There is a clear does-response association, with elevated risks for poor performance on 20 m SRT with decreased physical activity levels in combination with higher level of sedentary behavior.