童年期虐待成人依恋与大学生边缘型人格障碍特质的关系

Mediating role of adult attachment in childhood abuse and borderline personality disorder in college students

目的探讨大学生童年期虐待、成人依恋和边缘型人格障碍特质之间的关系,为促进大学生身心健康提供依据。方法 2018年10月采用分层整群抽样方法,选取合肥市4所高校4 034名大学生,采用童年期创伤经历问卷、状态性成人依恋量表和米氏边缘性人格障碍检测表进行问卷调查。结果研究对象中,有4.2%具有边缘型人格障碍特质,其中男生为4.5%,女生为3.7%。边缘型人格障碍特质得分非单亲家庭低于单亲家庭,家庭经济状况一般者低于家庭经济状况差和好者,父亲受教育程度中等者低于父亲受教育程度低和高者,差异均有统计学意义(Z值分别为-2.30,29.25,9.63,P值均<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,童年期虐待、回避型依恋及焦虑型依恋对边缘型人格障碍特质得分有正向预测作用(β值分别为0.21,0.10,0.23,P值均<0.01),安全型依恋对边缘型人格障碍特质得分有负向预测作用(β=-0.15,P<0.01)。结构方程模型表明,成人依恋在童年期虐待对边缘型人格障碍特质的影响中起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的16.7%。结论成人依恋在童年期虐待对边缘型人格障碍特质的影响中起部分中介作用。

Objective To explore the relationship between childhood abuse, adult attachment and borderline personality disorder(BPD) in college students, and to provide reference for promoting the physical and mental health of college students. Methods We selected undergraduate students from four colleges in Hefei, a total of 4 034 college students were surveyed by the childhood trauma questionnaire short form(CTQ-SF), the state adult attachment measure(SAAM) and the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire(PDQ). Results BPD was found in 4.2% of subjects, 4.5% of males and 3.7% of females. The score of BPD in non-single-parent families was lower than that in single-parent families, in families with average family economic status was lower than that in families with poor and good family economic status, and in families with medium father education level was lower than that in fathers with low and high education level(Z=-2.30, 29.25, 9.63, P<0.05). Childhood abuse, avoidant attachment and anxious attachment positively predicted BPD(β=0.21, 0.10, 0.23, P<0.01), secure attachment negatively predicted BPD(β=-0.15, P<0.01). Adult attachment played a partial mediating role in the effects of childhood abuse on BPD, with the mediating effect accounting for 16.7% of the total effect. Conclusion Adult attachment plays a mediating role in the effects of childhood abuse on BPD.