多肽超分子手性自组装与应用

Supramolecular Chiral Self-Assembly of Peptides and Its Applications

多肽分子作为一类重要的生物手性小分子,能够通过分子自组装形成包括纳米螺旋、纳米管、手性凝胶等在内的有着独特生物效应和光学活性的手性纳米材料。这类材料具有易于功能化修饰的优点,在化学、生物、医药、材料科学等领域有着广泛应用,成功对多肽手性自组装结构进行精准多级调控,是进一步实现其功能化应用的基础。本文重点介绍了多肽分子氨基酸序列组成与构型等内部因素,以及溶液pH、溶剂、添加剂等外界因素对多肽分子手性自组装行为的影响,并归纳得出其关键作用机制;同时,还介绍了多肽手性自组装材料在手性催化、手性检测、模板合成、手性光学等领域的应用。

Chiral self-assembly of peptides is an important way to prepare chiral nanomaterials,including nanohelices,nanotubes and chiral hydrogels.The self-assembled chiral nanomaterials with unique biological and optical activities have important applications in the fields of biology,chemistry,medicine and materials science.Although many chiral nanomaterials have been designed and synthesized based on the self-assembly of peptides,the precise control of their chiral assembly process and their chirality is still a challenge.This paper focuses on the design of peptide molecules and the regulation strategies for peptide chiral self-assembly,including the regulation of internal factors such as the amino acid sequences and configuration of polypeptide molecules,and the regulation of external factors such as pH,solvents and additives.Moreover,the applications of peptide-based chiral nanomaterials in the fields of chiral catalysis,chiral sensing,template synthesis and chiroptics are also reviewed.