智能响应型水凝胶药物控释体系及其应用

Intelligent-Responsive Hydrogels-Based Controlled Drug Release Systems and Its Applications

药物控释体系可改善药物分子在机体内的释放、吸收、代谢和排泄过程,显著提高药物利用率并减弱药物的毒副作用。智能响应型水凝胶凭借其刺激响应性、亲水性和无毒性在药物控释方面得到了广泛的关注。本文介绍了智能响应型水凝胶药物控释体系的概念、机理和应用,详细归纳了智能响应型水凝胶药物控释体系的研究进展。按照刺激源不同将智能响应型水凝胶药物控释体系分为p H响应型、温度响应型、光响应型、生物分子(如葡萄糖、酶)响应型、外场(如电场、磁场)响应型、压力响应型、氧化还原响应型及多重响应型水凝胶药物控释体系。进一步介绍了智能响应型水凝胶药物控释体系在治疗癌症、急性肾损伤、眼病、糖尿病等疾病及抗菌、防止伤口感染等方面的应用。最后,基于目前智能响应型水凝胶药物控释体系存在的一些问题(如生物相容性差、存在突释或滞释现象、不可降解等)对其发展做出了展望。

Controlled drug release systems can ameliorate the release,absorption,metabolism and excretion of drug molecules in the body,significantly improve drug utilization and reduce the side effects of drugs.Intelligent-responsive hydrogels have been extensively studied for controlled drug release carriers due to their responsiveness,hydrophilicity,good biocompatibility and non-toxicity.In this paper,the research progress of the intelligent-responsive hydrogels-based controlled drug release systems is summarized in detail,including the conception,mechanism and applications.According to the kinds of external stimuli,the intelligent-responsive hydrogels-based controlled drug release systems can be classified into pH-responsive,temperature-responsive,light-responsive,glucose-responsive,enzyme-responsive,electric field-responsive,magnetic field-responsive,pressure-responsive,redox-responsive and multiple-responsive hydrogels-based controlled drug release systems.The applications of the intelligent-responsive hydrogels-based controlled drug release systems in treating diseases,such as cancer,acute kidney injury,eye diseases,diabetes and its complications,and antibiotic treatments for preventing wound infection are further briefly described.Then,the problems of the intelligent-responsive hydrogels-based controlled drug release systems researches,such as poor biocompatibility,burst release or stagnant release,and non-degradability,are analyzed.Finally,the future development of the intelligent-responsive hydrogel-based controlled drug release systems is prospected.