牛全基因组高通量测序技术研究进展

The Research Progress of Bovine Whole Genome High Throughput Sequencing

现代科技迅速发展的今天,无疑是分子生物学的世界。基因组测序是对生物的遗传结构进行分析的一种技术。作为一项尤为重要的生物技术。在近几年来得到了迅猛的发展以及应用,并取得了跨越性的进展,在很多领域取得了革命性的成就。无论是在人类疾病的防治,还是在畜牧遗传育种发面都发挥着重要的作用。本综述主要介绍了第一代测序技术、第二代测序技术以及第三代测序技术的原理,并对三者的优缺点进行了比较说明,还分别阐述了全基因组高通量技术在肉牛的起源、遗传育种与优良性状的选育和奶牛的疾病防治、生产性能的提高等方面的研究进展,对当下的高通量测序技术存在的问题进行了讨论,并对其未来进行了展望。

Today,with the rapid development of modern science and technology,it is undoubtedly the world of molecular biology.Genomic sequencing is a technology for analyzing the genetic structure of living things.As a particularly important biotechnology,it has developed rapidly in recent years.As well as application,and made great progress,it has made revolutionary achievements in many fields,playing an important role in the prevention and treatment of human diseases and in the breeding of animal husbandry.This review mainly introduces the principles of the first generation sequencing technology,the second generation sequencing technology and the third generation sequencing technology,and compares the advantages and disadvantages of the three,and also elaborates the whole genome high-throughput technology in beef cattle.Research progress in origin,genetic breeding and breeding of excellent traits,disease prevention and control of dairy cows,and improvement of production performance,discussed the problems of the current high-throughput sequencing technology,and prospected for its future.