护理干预增强老年慢性COPD患者肺功能检测的依从性的价值

Nursing Intervention on Improving the Pulmonary Function and Compliance in Elderly Chronic COPD Patients

为了探讨护理干预对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的肺功能和依从性的影响,本研究选择了150例2015年9月至2017年1月期间我院收治的老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者作为研究对象,采用康复训练和健康教育的护理干预措施治疗患者。比较干预前和干预1年后患者的肺功能指标、气短症状分级、治疗依从性及日常生活能力评分(ADL)。本研究发现与干预前比较,干预后患者的FEV1、FEV1/FVC、PEF和MMEF均显著升高(p<0.05)。干预后患者气短症状Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ级数量显著升高,而Ⅳ级和Ⅴ级数量显著降低,干预后患者的气短症状得到显著改善(p<0.05)。护理干预后COPD患者在疾病认知、遵医用药、吸烟、肺功能检查、氧疗、营养支持、锻炼等方面的治疗依从性较干预前均显著增加(p<0.05)。干预后患者的日常活动能力评分(ADL)显著优于干预前(p<0.05)。老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者康复过程中采用护理干预,可有效改善患者的肺功能、气短症状、治疗依从性和日常活动评分。

To investigate the effect of nursing intervention on pulmonary function and compliance in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD), from September 2015 to January 2017, 150 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who were admitted to our hospital were selected as study subjects.Patients were treated with nursing intervention, such as rehabilitation training and health education. Pulmonary function parameters, shortness of breath symptoms, adherence to treatment, and ADL were compared before and after the intervention. FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF, and MMEF in patients after intervention were significantly higher than pre-intervention(p<0.05). It was founded that after the intervention, the number of patients with shortness of breathes symptoms in gradesⅠ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ increased significantly, while the number of patients in grades Ⅳ and Ⅴ decreased significantly. After the intervention, the symptoms of shortness of breath were significantly improved(p<0.05). After the nursing intervention, COPD patients’ treatment compliance in terms of disease cognition, medication compliance, smoking, pulmonary function tests, oxygen therapy, nutritional support, exercise, etc. were all significantly increased(p<0.05). After the intervention, the patient’s activity of daily living(ADL) was significantly better than before the intervention(p<0.05). Nursing intervention in the elderly with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the rehabilitation process can effectively improve the patient’s lung function, shortness of breath symptoms, treatment compliance and activity of daily living.