医院候诊室集中空调通风系统对室内PM10浓度的影响

Effect of central air conditioning ventilation system on indoor PM10 concentration in the hospital

目的针对使用集中空调的医院候诊室,探索最佳新风开启时长以及最佳滤网类型进而达到室内PM10浓度的最低水平。方法选取无锡市两家三级医院(用M、Z分别代表),在固定新风量的前提下对其候诊室室内PM10浓度进行分时段连续监测,使用3M粉尘测定仪进行监测并用SAS软件进行数据分析。结果室外PM10浓度水平高于室内且两者呈现正相关线性关系(P<0.05);两两比较结果中新风开启2小时的PM10浓度水平低于4小时,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.26,P<0.05),4小时与6小时、6小时与8小时PM10浓度差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);M医院PM10浓度水平低于Z医院(t=-3.28,P<0.05)。结论配备集中空调的医疗机构候诊室在接待病人前要保证至少2h的新风开启时间,在满足功率需求的前提下,可适当调整更高等级的新风过滤网,进而有效地降低室内PM10的污染水平。

Objective To discover the optimal fresh air opening time and filter type in the hospital waiting room using central air conditioningventilation system.Methods Two third-level hospitals(represented by M and Z respectively) with central air conditioning were selected in Wuxi.Under the premise of fixed fresh air volume,the PM10 concentration in the waiting room was continuously monitored in different time periods.EVM-3 was used to monitor PM10 concentration indoor.SAS software was used for statistical analysis.Results Outdoor PM10 concentration was higher than indoor(P<0.05).A significant positive association between indoor PM10 concentration and outdoor was observed(P<0.05).The difference in PM10 concentration indoor between 2 hours of fresh air opening was lower than that of 4 hours(t=-3.28,P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in concentrations,between 4 h and 6 h,and between 6 h and 8 h(P>0.05).The PM10 concentration of hospital M was lower than hospital Z(t=-3.26,P<0.05).Conclusion Central air conditioning can effectively reduce indoor pollution levels of PM10 concentration.To achieve the best effect of indoor air quality,it is recommended that medical institutions should guarantee the opening time of fresh air for at least 2 hours before receiving the patient in waiting room and select the medium efficiency or high efficiency filter.