政策工具视角下农村师资补充政策研究——基于2001-2018年农村师资补充政策文本的分析

Supplemental Policies Research on Rural Teachers in the Perspective of Policy Instrument——Based on the Text Analysis of Supplemental Policies for Rural Teachers from 2001 to 2018

农村师资补充政策是地方政府补充农村师资的依据。以2001-2018年农村师资补充政策文本为研究对象,基于农村师资补充环节和政策工具种类构建二维分析框架,通过对农村师资补充政策文本的量化分析发现,再分配环节、初次分配环节、定向培养环节使用政策工具的频次依次降低;政策工具的使用以激励性工具、命令性工具为主;命令性工具主要分布在定向培养环节和再分配环节,其他四种政策工具主要分布在初次分配环节和再分配环节。针对政策工具使用的不足,提出提高初次分配环节命令性工具、象征与劝告工具的使用比重;增加激励性工具使用频次和力度;优化政策工具的使用;保持对政策工具效果的敏感等政策建议。

The supplemental policies of rural teachers are the basis for local governments to supplement rural teachers.This paper constructs a two-dimensional analysis framework based on rural teacher links and types of policy instruments by taking the text of the supplemental policies for rural teachers in 2001-2018 as the research object.Through quantitative analysis of rural teacher supplemental policy texts,it was found that the frequency of using policy instruments for redistribution,initial allocation and directional training decreased successively.It was found that the use of policy instruments is dominated by inducement instruments and mandate instruments.It was found that mandate instruments are mainly distributed in the sectors of directional training and redistribution,while the other four policy instruments are mainly distributed in the sectors of initial allocation and redistribution.In view of the deficiencies of in the use of policy instruments,it is proposed to increase the proportion of mandate instruments,symbolic and hortatory instruments in initial allocation link.It is should be increased the frequency and intensity of the use of inducement instruments.We should optimize the use of policy instruments.We should keep sensitive to the effects of policy instruments.