新中国成立70年来教育方针价值取向变迁研究

Research on the Change of Value Orientation of Education Policy in the 70 Years Since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China

新中国成立70年来,我国的教育方针经历了多次调整与修改。教育方针的转变体现了国家在教育领域价值取向的不同选择。21世纪之前,工具性价值取向占主导,具体表现为新中国成立之初至改革开放前以政治性价值取向为主,改革开放后教育方针逐步转移至经济性价值取向;进入21世纪,教育方针的多元化价值取向逐步彰显。整体而言,我国教育方针价值取向存在由国家中心向以人为本过渡、由工具价值向本体价值回归、由单一价值走向价值整合的特点。未来我国的教育方针将在注重发挥工具性价值的同时,推动本体价值深入发展,为中国特色社会主义教育事业的发展提供方向和指导。

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China 70 years ago, China’s education policy has undergone many adjustments and revisions. The transformation of the educational policy reflects the different choices of the country’s value orientation in the field of education. Before the new century, instrumental value orientation dominated, which was manifested as political value orientation from the beginning of the founding of the new China to before the Reform and Opening-up. Education policy gradually shifted to economic value orientation after the Reform and Opening-up. In the new century, the diversified value orientation of education policy has been gradually revealed. On the whole, the value orientation of China’s education policy has transited from national-centered to people-oriented, from the instrumental value to the ontological value, and from single value emphasis to value integration. In the future, China’s educational policy will not only give full play to the instrumental value but also promote the in-depth development of noumenal value, so as to provide direction and guidance for the development of socialist education with Chinese characteristics.