耐高温聚胺类页岩抑制剂的研究现状

Research on high temperature resistant polyamine shale inhibitors

聚胺类抑制剂是一种分子链上含有胺基的钻井液添加剂,与无机盐、单分子铵盐等页岩抑制剂相比,其对页岩地层的强抑制性受到大量学者的关注。但在高温下聚胺分子的分解会影响其抑制效果,而作业井深增加,开发难度增大往往使温度成为限制抑制剂应用的决定因素,因此目前研发耐高温强抑制性的页岩抑制剂对钻井作业来说具有重要意义。本文将具有耐高温性能的聚胺类页岩抑制剂按聚合物分子链的形态分为链状聚胺类、超支化聚胺类、特殊功能性基团类,评述了这三类耐高温页岩抑制剂的抑制性、耐温性、生物毒性等性质和应用现状,对聚胺类页岩抑制剂今后在提升耐温性、抑制性等方面的研究提出了建议,以期为相关研究提供参考。

Polyamine inhibitors are drilling fluid additives containing amine groups in the molecular chain.Compared with shale inhibitors such as inorganic salts and monomolecular ammonium salts,their strong inhibition to shale formations has attracted much attention.However,the decomposition of polyamine molecules at high temperatures affects the inhibitory effect,while the depth of the working well increases,and the difficulty of development tends to make temperature a decisive factor in limiting the application of inhibitors.Therefore,the development of high temperature and high inhibition shale inhibitors is of great significance for drilling operations.The authors classify polyamine shale inhibitors with high temperature resistance into chain polyamines,hyper branched polyamines,and special functional groups according to the molecular chain form of the polymer.The properties and application status of these three types of high temperature shale inhibitors were reviewed.The future research of polyamine shale inhibition in improving the temperature resistance and inhibition was proposed to provide reference for related research.