涟漪效应与官民共鸣:城市大型邻避冲突演变过程中的信息传播与动员

Ripple Effect and Elite-Masses Resonance:The Spread of NIMBY Information and Mobilization in the Evolution of Urban Large-scale NIMBY Conflicts

在一些城市的大型邻避冲突中,邻避信息传播和动员过程大致经历了关键人物的商议、地方精英的讨论、地方精英向亲友的传播、精英的亲友向普通大众的扩散、抗争积极分子借助媒介建构当地邻避共识、向外地公众求援和平息等七个阶段。邻避信息传播呈现从精英向大众扩散的涟漪效应。地方精英的亲友是联结地方精英与普通公众的纽带。地方精英及其亲友可能隐蔽地传播负面信息,甚至可能采取体制内的抗争行动。体制外的部分邻避行动者通过口头、互联网、手机传播有关邻避设施的负面信息并动员体制外的抗争行动,塑造当地舆论场,并试图影响外地舆论场和境外舆论场。体制内外行动者传播的抗争信息和采取的抗争行动可能产生彼此激励的抗争共鸣效应。涟漪效应和官民抗争共鸣也存在于其他一些政策议题之中。邻避信息传播本质上属于政治传播。

In some urban large-scale NIMBY conflicts,the spread of NIMBY information and mobilization has gone through seven stages:critical persons’discussion,local elite’s discussion,the dissemination of local elites to their relatives and friends,the diffusion of local elite’s relatives and friends to the general public,protesting activists frame the local NIMBY consensus by media,call for help from form external publics,and subsidence.There is a ripple effect from elites to mass in the process of NIMBY information spread.The relatives and friends of local elites are the link between local elites and the grassroots.Local elites and their close person may covertly spread negative information and even take legal protest actions.Some of the grassroots NIMBY actors disseminate negative information about NIMBY facilities and mobilize illegal protests through oral communication,Internet and mobile phones,frame local public opinion field,and try to influence nonlocal and even overseas public opinion field.The NIMBY information transmitted by actors inside and outside the system may produce mutually reinforcing protest-resonance effects.The ripple effect and officials-grassroots resonance also exists in some other policy issues.NIMBY information dissemination is essentially political communication.