持守与衰落:征拆聚变下的村治危机及其宗族救济——基于广东J市L村的考察

Persistence and Recession:Crisis and Clan Relief in Rural Area Governance under Land Requisition and Demolishing——A Study on L Village in Guangdong

本文以J市L村为例,通过描述因征地拆迁聚变引发“群体性脆弱”而催生村民“非适应行为”,并导致农村公共治理危机的过程,分析宗族作为一种非制度化的群体链接纽带,如何发挥其在村治方面的优势并嵌构进入农村公共治理场域下政府权力、市场权力及社会权力的互动,进而强化“群体韧性”而实现对村治危机的救济。本文认为,宗族在救济村治危机过程中能够链接各方利益主体建立起情境化互动机制,并形成高效精干的村治危机嵌入式治理机制,从而以宗亲纽带强化群体韧性有效破除了高风险状态下村民原子化利益追诉的无力状态,同时也有效消除了利益诉求低效甚至无效状态下村民采取暴力抗争、身体抗争等“非适应行为”而进一步恶化局势的隐患。与此同时,宗族力量依其历史境遇总结出独特的生存智慧,并形成与制度化权力共同参与农村公共治理过程的基本逻辑,从而根据情境判断做出对于农村公共治理持守与衰落的角色转换。

Based on the study of the L Village in J City,this article describes the“unsuitable behavior”of villagers that triggered by intensive land requisition and demolishing,which led to public crisis in rural area governance.As a non-in stitutional bondage,it’s crucial to make good use of the advantages of clans in rural area governance and have them integrated into interactions among authorities from government,market and society.Furthermore,by strengthening social cohesion,clans have relieved crisis in rural area governance.We find out that clans helped to establish contextual interaction mechanism,integrating effective problem solving mechanism into village governance system.In addition,clans effectively reduced villagers’anxiety of powerless in appealing for individual or family benefits,so as high-risk situation.At the meantime,clans helped to relieve villagers’motivation to apply unsuitable behaviors,such as violence and self-destruct behaviors,in interests appealing,which usually deteriorated crisis in rural area governance.