摘要
Based on the concept of artificial intelligence(AI)and the summary of existing research methods,this essay reviews the theoretical and empirical research into AI’s impact on industrial distribution,jobs,wages and other aspects in the field of employment.The essay finds that AI technology accelerates job polarization in the labor market and causes wage inequality during this process while taking over some occupations and promoting the flow of labor among different industries.In the long run,the substitution and creation effects will coexist for the long term,and the creation effects will exercise increasingly obvious influence;wage inequality can be compensated by long-term social policies;job polarization will not last for long;and workers’flow between industries is essentially a result of matching labor skills with task needs after technological changes.More scholars believe that the impact of artificial intelligence on employment in the future is controllable,and the key is in the broad and effective human-computer cooperation facilitated by the improvement of labor’s skill levels through education and training.
Based on the concept of artificial intelligence(AI) and the summary of existing research methods, this essay reviews the theoretical and empirical research into AI’s impact on industrial distribution, jobs, wages and other aspects in the field of employment. The essay finds that AI technology accelerates job polarization in the labor market and causes wage inequality during this process while taking over some occupations and promoting the flow of labor among different industries. In the long run, the substitution and creation effects will coexist for the long term, and the creation effects will exercise increasingly obvious influence; wage inequality can be compensated by long-term social policies; job polarization will not last for long; and workers’ flow between industries is essentially a result of matching labor skills with task needs after technological changes. More scholars believe that the impact of artificial intelligence on employment in the future is controllable, and the key is in the broad and effective human-computer cooperation facilitated by the improvement of labor’s skill levels through education and training.
基金
a phased result of the major project “Digital Technology Revolution and the Future of the World of Work”(No.17XNLG06)
supported by the Research Funds of Renmin University of China
