某市健康学龄前儿童咽部定植菌携带及耐药分析

Analysis of pharyngeal colonial bacteria carrier and drug resistance of healthy preschoolers in a city

目的调查健康学龄前儿童咽部定植菌携带情况及药敏结果,为临床合理用药提供理论依据。方法采集市区某公立幼儿园首次入托的119名健康学龄前儿童咽拭子标本进行细菌培养,分析定植菌携带情况及耐药性结果。结果119名健康学龄前儿童咽部定植菌种类最多5种,最少0种,平均(3.36±0.79)种。其中108名儿童半定量培养分离出中等量(++)以上细菌菌株135株,主要为草绿色链球菌、卡他莫拉菌、肺炎链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、流感嗜血菌。药敏试验显示常见细菌对红霉素、四环素、复方磺胺甲噁唑、克林霉素等临床常用抗生素均有较高的耐药率。结论本地区健康学龄前儿童咽部定植菌以条件致病菌为主,多数为多种菌混合定植,对临床常用抗生素均有较高耐药性,规范儿童上呼吸道感染抗生素的使用至关重要。

Objective To investigate the carrying status and drug sensitivity of pharyngeal colonized bacteria in healthy preschoolers,and provide theoretical basis for rational drug use in clinic.Methods The results of bacterial culture and drug sensitivity of pharyngeal swab specimens were analyzed in 119 healthy preschoolers who were placed in a public kindergarten for the first time in urban area.Results Among 119 healthy preschoolers,there were up to five kinds of pharyngeal colonization bacteria and zero kinds at least,with an average of(3.36+0.79)kinds.Among the 108 children,135 strains of medium(++)bacteria were isolated from semi-quantitative culture,mainly including Streptococcus viride,Moraxella catarrhalis,Streptococcus pneumoniae,Staphylococcus aureus,and Haemophilus influenzae.Drug susceptibility test showed that colonized bacteria had a high resistance rate to erythromycin,tetracycline,compound trimethoprim,clindamycin,and other commonly used antibiotics in clinic.Conclusion The pharyngeal colonization bacteria of healthy preschoolers in this area were mainly conditional pathogenic bacteria,some of which were mixed colonization.They were highly resistant to commonly used antibiotics in clinic.It is very important to standardize the use of antibiotics in children with upper respiratory tract infections.