一氧化二氮(N2O)滥用导致神经损伤的临床特点分析

Analysis of clinical characteristics of nerve injury caused by the abuse of nitrous oxide (N2O)

目的分析一氧化二氮(N2O)滥用导致神经损伤的临床特点。方法对8例一氧化二氮中毒患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,总结其临床特点。结果8例一氧化二氮中毒患者均为青年,都有一氧化二氮接触史,男女均受累。8例患者周围神经系统均受损,中枢神经系统受损5例,自主神经受损2例,2例有神经精神症状。8例患者检测维生素B12均缺乏,同型半胱氨酸都升高。大剂量维生素B12、甲钴胺或腺苷钴胺治疗均有效。结论长期吸食N2O可以导致巨幼细胞性贫血、神经系统损伤等,严重者可致命。

Objective To analyze clinical features of nerve injury caused bythe abuse of nitrous oxide.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of eight patients with nitrous oxide poisoning and summarized their clinical features.Results Eight patients with nitrous oxide poisoning were all young and middle-aged with a history of exposure to nitrous oxide.Peripheral nervous system was impaired in eight patients,central nervous system was impaired in five patients,autonomic nerve was impaired in two patients,and two patient had neuropsychiatric symptoms.Vitamin B12 deficiency and homocysteine elevation were detected in eight patients.High doses of vitamin B12,methylcobalamin or adenosine cobalamin were effective.Conclusion Long-term consumption of N2O can lead to megaloblastic anemia,nervous system injury and even fatal.