论王国维对顾颉刚学术思想的影响

On Wang Guowei’s Influence on Gu Jiegang’s Academic Thoughts

顾颉刚最敬佩的当代学者是王国维,并把他视为真正的导师。王国维对顾颉刚的学术影响首先体现在"求真的精神,客观的态度"即学术科学性的追求上,具体表现在以民众为中心的历史观下关注民间学术取向和对史料的平等态度上。其次是"最博而又最富于创造性"即学术会通性与独创性的追求上。会通性强调学术眼界的广博以及材料的贯穿与互证;创造性即所谓"一空依傍,自创新体","力争第一",具体表现在开山之功上。最后是王国维作为"学术界惟一的重镇",在学术纯粹性与独立性的追求上对顾颉刚的影响,也是顾颉刚说的"真正学术上的导师不是胡适"的原因所在。

Gu Jiegang admires most, amongst the contemporary scholars, is Wang Guowei, and regards him as the true tutor. Wang Guowei’s academic influence on Gu Jiegang is reflected firstly in his "spirit to pursuit truth, attitude to be objective", i.e. the pursuit for academic scientificity, which is specifically embodied in the concern for the civil academic orientation from the public-centered historical perspective and the equal attitude toward historical data. Secondly, it is reflected in his pursuit for the "amplest and most creative" academic connectivity and originality. Connectivity emphasizes broadness and profoundness of academic horizon, and intersection and mutual testification of materials;while originality is the so-called "independency from any others, and self-creation of new systems" and "striving to be the first", specifically embodied in his contributions to creating new academic fields. Lastly, as "the unique important in the academic world", Wang Guowei’s influence on Gu Jiegang in his academic purity and independent pursuit counts for the reason why Gu Jiegang says that the academically true tutor was not Hu Shih.