两手协同并用——哈耶克与凯恩斯的经济学公案评析

Market Economy and Planned Economy Used Together——Analysis of Hayek and Keynes’s Economic Cases

F·A·哈耶克与I·M·凯恩斯的经济学公案,值得面向当前实事求是地予以公正评析。在切实检点了凯恩斯《就业、利息和货币通论》与哈耶克《通往奴役之路》两本西方经济学名著的理论要点之后,可以发现各自的巨大价值与优缺点,却正可相反相成,兼收整合成现代经济学的一个核心理念:看不见的与看得见的两手协同并用。为此,要全面深入理解这两手的本义与作用。要放手自由竞争市场经济这只无形大手去掌控经济领域的一切;同时要妥善运用计划经济的有形大手协同辅助。要坚持中国特色社会主义的经济方向和原则。要正确处理经济领域的大小矛盾关系,力争经济运行的动态平衡,稳健发展;弱化经济周期的振幅强度。要通贯经济上的所有制、分配制与管理制三者的辩证关系,产生正反馈效应。要建设民主政治与公正法制,为两手协同并用的经济稳健发展保驾护航。

The economic cases of F·A·Hayek and I·M·Keynes are worthy of our fair evaluation in the light of the facts.By checking the key theories of the two famous books of western economics as The General Theory of Employment,Interest and Money and The Road to Serfdom,economic theory would be comprised that tangible and intangible measures are used together.Therefore,the meaning and function of these two types of measures should be fully and deeply understood.While the intangible hand of free competition market economy control everything in the economic field,the tangible hand of planned economy should be used to coordinate and assist.We should adhere to the economic direction and principles of socialism with Chinese characteristics,correctly deal with main and minor contradiction in the economic field,strive for the dynamic balance of economic operation and steady development,and weaken the amplitude intensity of the economic cycle.The dialectical relationship among ownership,distribution and management should be integrated to produce positive feedback effect.A democratic politics and a fair legal system should be built to ensure the steady economic development with two economic forms used together.