我国中老年人金融受骗影响因素研究——基于CHARLS2015的实证分析

Study on the Influencing Factors of Financial Fraud of Middle-aged and Elderly People in China:An Empirical Analysis Based on CHARLS 2015

基于2015年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,运用logit回归分析方法,本文对影响我国45岁及以上中老年人金融受骗及其损失金额的因素进行研究。结果表明:(1)中老年人的个人特征、家庭特征、经济特征、健康情况及心理特征是影响其是否受骗的重要因素,其中,年龄与受骗率呈倒U型关系,独住、与子女联系少、需要为子女提供经济帮助、金融资产多、无房产、有负债、自评健康、日常生活能力差、工具性日常生活能力强、抑郁的中老年人更易受骗。(2)在受骗的中老年人中,影响其受骗金额大小的主要因素则是个人特征、经济特征及社会保障情况,低龄、居住在城镇、金融资产及其他实物资产多、有负债、有养老保险的中老年人反而损失更多。

Based on the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2015,this paper studies the factors that affect the financial fraud cases and the loss amount of the middle-aged and elderly people in China by logit regression analysis method.The results show that:1.the personal characteristics,family characteristics,economic characteristics,health status and psychological characteristics of middle-aged and elderly people are the important factors affecting whether they are cheated by financial frauds or not.More specifically,the relation between age and financial fraud rate is an inverted U-shape,and the factor including the status of living alone,few contacts with their children,the need to provide financial assistance for their children,relative more financial assets,no real estate,debts,poor health self-assessment,poor abilities of daily living,strong instrumental capability of daily living and mental depression are more vulnerable to be the sacrifices of financial fraud;2.the factors affecting the loss amount of financial fraud of the middle-aged and elderly people are personal characteristics,economic characteristics and status of their social security,i.e.those relatively young,urban residents,with more financial assets and other real assets,with pending debts and liable pension insurance tend to be cheated with more loss amount.