惠州重点海滨浴场海水卫生状况调查研究

Seawater sanitation survey of Huizhou's main beaches

目的通过调查监测惠州重点海滨浴场海水水质卫生状况,找出影响水质卫生的主要原因,评估浴场近岸水域富营养化状况,为海滨浴场制定管理对策提供科学依据。方法依照国家标准GB 17378.4-2007《海洋监测规范第4部分:海水分析》对采集的海水样品进行检测。采用GB 3097-1997《海水水质标准》对检测结果进行评价。釆用富营养指数法评价浴场近岸海域的富营养状况。结果2017年2月至2019年1月,对惠州4处海水浴场进行36期监测,共采集检测432份海水样品。东沙海浴场、南门海浴场、巽寮湾浴场、碧桂园浴场海水水质合格率分别为77.8%、88.9%、100.0%.72.2%,3个浴场出现水质不合格的原因均为粪大肠菌群(FCB)超标。4处浴场近岸水域富营养化指数均较低,只有碧桂园浴场在7-8月份时处于轻度富营养化状态。结论惠州重点海滨浴场水质较好,FCB超标是导致浴场水质不合格的重要原因;4处海滨浴场近岸水域均未处于富营养化状态。

Objective Through investigation and monitoring of the sanitation quality of the main beaches in Huizhou,to find out the main indicators affecting water quality and the assessment of the eutrophication index of the coastal waters,to provide a scientific basis for the development of management measures for the beach.Methods The collected seawater samples were tested according to the national standard GB 17378.4-2007"Marine Monitoring Specifications Part 4:Seawater Analysis",and the test results were evaluated by GB 3097-1997"Seawater Quality Standards".Application of eutrophication index method to evaluate the eutrophication status of coastal waters.Results From February 2017 to January 2019,36 monitoring sessions were conducted on 4 beaches in Huizhou,and 432 seawater samples were collected and tested.The qualified rates of Dongshahai,Nanmenhai,Xunliaowan and Biguiyuan beaches were 77.8%,88.9%,100%and 72.2%,and the reason of unqualifled in the three beaches was the fecal coliform bacteria(FCB)exceeded the standard.The eutrophication index of all beaches in the coastal waters was low,and only the Biguiyuan beach was in a mild eutrophication period from July to August.Conclusion The main bathing beach in Huizhou has good water quality,and the FCB exceeding the standard is an important cause of unqualified water quality;the coastal waters of the four beaches are not in eutrophication.