早期家庭社会经济地位和家庭养育行为对老年健康的影响与作用

Study on the Role of Early Family Socioeconomic Status and Parental Style on Health in Old Age

利用中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,基于家庭健康生产函数和生命历程理论构建理论分析框架,使用Logistic回归模型,探索早期家庭社会经济地位和早期家庭养育行为对老年健康的影响。研究发现,早期家庭经济状况对老年健康具有直接影响,早期家庭经济状况越好,老年健康状况为好的发生比越高;早期较为严格的家庭养育行为并不能提高老年健康状况为好的发生比;父母受教育程度则可能是通过影响成年社会经济地位变动而间接影响老年健康。持续较高的早期家庭社会经济地位与向上的社会经济地位流动将导致老年健康状况为好的发生比较高,持续较低的早期家庭社会经济地位则相反,即早期家庭环境对老年健康的影响具有累积性。最后,社会经济地位变动对老年健康的影响受到早期家庭养育行为的调节作用。因此,实现健康老龄化既要重视早期家庭社会经济地位又不能忽视早期家庭养育行为。

The role of early family circumstance on health in old age was studied in this paper,using the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study data. Specifically,a theoretical analysis framework was built based on the household health production and life history theory and binary Logistic regression model was applied to explore the role of two key factors,that is,the early family socioeconomic status(SES)and early family parenting style,on health in old age. Empirical studies found that:Firstly,early family financial status of early SES and discipline in early family parenting style had a direct impact on the health in old age. The better the early financial status,the higher probability of having good health in the old age;the stricter of the early family parenting style could not increase the probability of having good health in old age. Secondly,the educational attainment of the respondents’ parents had an indirect effect on responders’ health in old age may through the effects on respondents’ SES in adult period. In addition,the continued high SES and the upward social mobility would contribute to a higher probability of having good health in the old age while a lower sustained SES would lead to a lower probability of better health in old age which could be called the cumulative effect. Finally,the impact of social mobility on the health in old age was moderated by early family parenting style. Therefore,to achieve healthy aging,the emphasis on the early family circumstance should be the first priority by not only focusing on the early family SES but also the role of the parenting style rationally.