面向突发公共卫生事件的相关信息发布特征分析

Identifying Features of Related Information Release when Facing Public Health Emergency

突发公共卫生事件期间相关信息发布的机构呈多样化特征,包括政府、政府间国际组织、媒体、自媒体等。文章旨在揭示相关部门或机构信息发布的类型与特点,并提出进一步完善的对策和建议。为此,采用案例研究的方法,选取新冠肺炎疫情期间国家卫健委及湖北卫健委、美国疾控中心(CDC)和新加坡卫生部(MOH)官网、以及世界卫生组织(WHO)的相关疫情信息发布加以分析。研究发现,面对突发公共卫生事件,疫情通报、健康科普、防控动态、媒体新闻是这些部门和机构信息发布的主要类型。信息发布具有疫情通报模式固定、通报内容随疫情发展而演变等。研究表明,信息发布应加强对公众信息需求的考量、构建与公众更有效的双向沟通机制、并提供多样化的疫情发布格式等。同时,面向突发公共卫生事件的信息发布应及时、规范、形成多管齐下的动态发布机制、建立与公众双向沟通的渠道、加强对公众信息需求的调研和关注,确保疫情信息发布的精准,有效满足公众的信息需求。

During the period of public health emergency,a variety of organizations including governments,inter-governmental organizations,medium and we media posted relevant information in various websites with different ways.This study aims to explore the categories and characteristics about information release by authoritative agencies,and based on the analysis we try to propose suggestions for future similar events.For this purpose,we choose the website of National Health Commission of the people's Republic of China and Health Commission of Hubei province,American Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Singapore Ministry of Health and World Health Organization to analyze information release during the epidemic period.The results indicate that situation updates,what you need to know,prevention&control,and media resources are main categories of government information release.In particular,some features,such as the information brief adopts fixed pattern and the content changes with the development of the epidemic,are identified.The study shows that epidemic information needs to be reported timely and normatively.Dynamic release mechanism should be developed to establish a mutual way communication between government and the public to ensure information accuracy;at the same time,an investigation of public needs should be conducted and be satisfied.