大强度运动对大鼠脾脏淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞、T淋巴细胞亚群的影响

Effects of high intensity exercises on splenic lymphocyte, macrophage and T lymphocyte subsets in rats

目的探讨大强度运动对大鼠脾脏淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞、T淋巴细胞亚的影响。方法40只SD大鼠按体重随机分为安静组(A组,n=10)、运动组(B组,n=30),在最后一次力竭运动后,将B组大鼠分为运动后即刻组(B 1组,n=10)、运动后12 h组(B 2组,n=10),运动后24 h组(B 3组,n=10)。A组不运动,B组大鼠进行为期9 w的大强度训练,末次训练后,A组、B 1组摘取脾脏,制作脾细胞悬液,噻唑蓝(MTT)法分别测T淋巴细胞增殖能力、B淋巴细胞增殖能力,流式细胞仪测CD4^+、CD8^+细胞数。中性红比色法测巨噬细胞吞噬能力。B 2组、B 3组分别在运动后12 h、运动后24 h按上述方法测试。结果与A组相比,B 1组T淋巴细胞增殖、B淋巴细胞增殖、CD4^+、CD8^+、CD4^+/CD8^+、巨噬细胞吞噬能力显著降低,B 2组T淋巴细胞增殖、B淋巴细胞增殖、CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+显著降低,巨噬细胞吞噬能力差异无统计学意义,B 3组T淋巴细胞、B淋巴细胞增殖能力、CD4^+、CD8^+、CD4^+/CD8^+、巨噬细胞吞噬能力差异无统计学意义;与B 1相比,B 2组、B 3组T淋巴细胞增殖、B淋巴细胞增殖、CD4^+、CD8^+、CD4^+/CD8^+、巨噬细胞吞噬能力显著升高;与B 2相比,B 3组T淋巴细胞增殖、B淋巴细胞增殖、CD4^+均显著升高,CD8^+、CD4^+/CD8^+、巨噬细胞吞噬能力无显著差异。结论大强度运动后,大鼠脾脏、B淋巴细胞、T淋巴增殖能力降低、巨噬细胞吞噬能力降低、CD3^+、CD4^+、CD8^+、CD4^+/CD8^+降低,恢复期间逐步上升,其中CD8^+、CD4^+/CD8^+、巨噬细胞吞噬能力在恢复期12 h基本达到正常状态,T淋巴细胞增殖能力、B淋巴细胞增殖能力、CD4^+在恢复期24 h达到正常状态。

Objective To discuss the effects of high intensity exercises on splenic lymphocyte,macrophage and T lymphocyte subsets in rats.Methods According to body weight,the rats were randomly divided into the rest group(group A,n=10)and the exercise group(group B,n=30).After the last exhaustive exercise,the rats in the exercise group were divided into three groups:immediate group after exercise(group B 1,n=10),12 hours group after exercise(group B 2,n=10)and 24 hours group after exercise(group B 3,n=10).The rats in the exercise group received 9 weeks of high intensity training while kept out of exercise in group A.After the last training,the spleen was immediately removed out from group A and B 1 to make spleen cell suspension.The proliferation of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes were measured by MTT method,and the number of CD4^+and CD8^+cells was measured by flow cytometry.Phagocytosis of macrophages was measured by neutral red colorimetry.Group B 2 and B 3 were measured at 12 and 24 hours after exercise respectively according to the above methods.Results Compared with the group A,the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes,CD4^+,CD8^+,CD4^+/CD8^+and phagocytosis of macrophages were significantly decreased in group B 1,the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes,CD4^+,CD4^+/CD8^+were significantly decreased but there was no significant difference in phagocytic ability of macrophage in group B 2.There were no significant differences in the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes,CD4^+,CD8^+,CD4^+/CD8^+and phagocytosis of macrophages between group B 3 and group A.Compared with group B 1,the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes,CD4^+,CD8^+,CD4^+/CD8^+,phagocytosis of macrophages were significantly increased in group B 2 and B 3.Compared with group B 2,the proliferation of T and B lymphocyte proliferation and CD4^+were significantly increased but there were no significant differences in CD8^+,CD4^+/CD8^+,phagocytosis of macrophages in group B 3.Conclusions High intensity exercise could make spleen T lymphocyte proliferation ability,macrophage phagocytic capacity,CD4^+,CD8^+and CD4^+/CD8^+decrease,gradually increase during recovery stage,in which CD8^+,CD4^+/CD8^+T cell proliferation and macrophage phagocytosis could basically reach normal status at 12 h during recovery stage.T and B lymphocyte proliferation ability and CD4^+T cell proliferation could reach normal status at 24 h during recovery stage.