中国特色大国外交的战略体系构建

On Constructing a Strategic Framework for China’s Diplomacy

党的十八大以来,随着一系列新理念、新方案和新举措的不断推出与逐步落实,中国特色大国外交的战略体系也不断完善。该战略体系主要由战略环境、战略目标、战略利益、战略手段和战略布局五个方面组成。在战略环境研判上,需要全面系统认知国情和世情,把握两者互动日益密切的态势。在战略目标设置上,以中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦和构建人类命运共同体的世界梦为战略目标。在战略利益界定上,重点关注中国的安全、政治、经济利益,科学区分战略利益层次。在战略手段运用上,要充分利用国际国内两个大局,积极协调国家、社会、个人等的积极参与,灵活运用安全、经济、外交和规则等手段。在战略布局中要把握好时空定位,在不同地理空间和领域不断优化战略布局。中国特色大国外交战略要行稳致远,关键在于确保各战略要素之间的平衡,实现“权力政治”向“规则政治”、“大国外交”向“强国外交”、“经济导向”向“战略导向”的多重转变。

Since the 18th Party Congress in late 2012,with the formulation and implementation of a set of ideas,initiatives,and measures,China has built up and improved a strategic framework involving the environment,objectives,interests,approach,and planning for its great power diplomacy.The assessment of China’s strategic environment takes full account of not only Beijing’s domestic development opportunities and challenges but also worldwide trends and trajectories.The Chinese dream of great national rejuvenation and global vision of the world as a community with a share future are the overarching goals of China’s diplomacy.Beijing has specified a wide range of core national interests regarding its security,politics,and economics,but has yet to prioritize them in a tiered structure.In terms of strategic approach,China’s diplomacy needs to give full play to state direction,social participation,and individual initiative complete with a toolkit of security,economic,political,and diplomatic instruments.Temporal,geographical,and thematic factors must be fully considered in the process of strategic planning.To better serve China’s peaceful development,strategic framework building must include completing the transitions from power politics to rules-based politics,major power diplomacy to great power diplomacy,and economic-oriented planning to strategy-centered planning.