儒家全民共赢思想论

The Confucian Thought of a Win-win Situation for All the People

儒家全民共赢思想的理论基础是人性善良、人格平等、仁者爱人、以民为本。儒家全民共赢思想的核心内容有:人人都是社会资源的享有者,人人都是潜在的国家管理者,同时还是社会义务的承担者,但因职业不同而存在不等的权益和不等的义务。儒家共赢思想的实践方略是:通过修身与言传身教使君主及其他官员成为社会道德的典范,通过用贤解决社会管理者的素质问题,通过富民解决社会下层广大民众的生存问题,通过礼治整合社会成员行为,通过革命解决暴君问题。儒家共赢思想有利于弱化阶层的界限与阶层的对抗,有利于政治运作,有利于社会和谐。但儒家全民共赢的建设主导者为君主,只有社会精英的参与而没有全民参与共赢的建设,加之君主乐于用法家思想统治,且因社会资源有限,遂导致全民共赢的理想目标难于实现。

The theoretical basis of the Confucian idea of a win-win situation for all the people is good humanity,equality of personality,benevolent love of people,and people-oriented idea.The core content includes:everyone can share the social resources;everyone is a potential state manager and a bearer of social obligations,but there are unequal rights and obligations due to different occupations.The practical strategy of the Confucian win-win thought is to make monarchs and other officials a model of social morality through self-cultivation and setting good examples,to improve the quality of administrators through the use of talents,to solve the survival problems of the people at the bottom of the society by enriching the people,to integrate the behavior of social members through the rule of etiquette,and to solve the tyrant problem through the revolution.The Confucian win-win thinking is conducive to weakening the boundaries and the confrontation of strata,good for political operation and social harmony.However,the dominant construction leader of the Confucian win-win situation for the whole people is the monarch,involving only the participation of the social elite.In addition,because the monarch is willing to rule by ideology and the social resources are often limited,the ideal goal of a win-win situation for all people is difficult to achieve.