基于三元均衡模式的河流流量测次布局理论与方法

River flow measurement times layout theory and method based on ternary equilibrium model

河流流量测次的布局是随着流量测验方式的改变而不断发展的。目前,适应水文站规模性发展和收集实时资料满足水情预警预报的需要,水文测验方式已经逐渐由传统的驻测方式向巡测方式转变,河流流量测次布局面临着如何适度、适量、适时的挑战。提出的基于三元均衡模式的河流流量测次布局理论与方法,即以时间、水位和涨(落)水变化为基本要素,结合水文站水文特性实际,遵照均衡性原则对流量测次进行布局。实践证明,基于三元均衡模式的河流流量测次布局方法,既保证了建立水位流量关系所必需的测次数量,又确保了流量测验精度要求,为提高河流流量测验工作效率提供了可量化的科学方法。

Layout of river flow measurement times has been developing with the change of flow measurement mode.At present,with scale development of hydrological stations and in order to collect real-time data for the requirements of water regime forecasting,hydrological measurement mode has changed from traditional stationary gauging to patrol gauging,and the layout of river flow measurement times is facing the challenge of moderate extent,appropriate quantities and timely.The authors put forward the theory and method of river flow measurement times layout based on ternary equilibrium model.With time,level and rise/fall change as basic factors,combined with hydrological characteristics of stations,layout of flow measurement times was conducted in accordance with equilibrium principle.As proved by practice,this layout method is a quantifiable scientific method able to improve river flow measurement efficiency with the measurement times satisfying the requirements of establishing water level-flow relationship,while the flow measurement accuracy is ensured.