特长公路隧道颗粒物浓度分布实测研究

Field Measurements on the Distribution of Particulate Matter inside a Long Road Tunnel

为了研究特长公路隧道内颗粒物浓度分布,评价人体暴露风险,有针对性地实施通风控制策略,在大连市莲花山隧道进行了3天的现场实测,分别在隧道入口和东北路出口处设置测点,监测颗粒物在早高峰、平峰和晚高峰瞬时质量浓度变化以及室外空气质量状况、车流量、风速、温度和相对湿度等背景参数。研究结果表明:测试期间隧道入口处PM10、PM2.5和PM1浓度范围分别为35~166 μg·m^-3、33~154 μg·m^-3和20~105 μg·m^-3;隧道东北路出口处PM10、PM2.5和PM1浓度变化范围分别为25~113 μg·m^-3、18~52 μg·m^-3和11~33 μg·m^-3。隧道入口处早高峰和平峰时段PM10和PM2.5浓度超过《环境空气质量标准》中二级地区限定值(PM10 150 μg·m^-3 PM2.5 75 μg·m^-3),隧道入口处颗粒物浓度超标可能受室外空气质量状况影响。

In order to study the distribution of particulate concentration,evaluate of risk of human exposure,implement the ventilation control strategy and achieve the purpose of energy conservation and environmental protection,a 3 days’ field measurement was conducted in Lianhuashan tunnel,monitor points were set at the tunnel entrance,branch and northeast road exit to monitor the instantaneous mass concentration of particles and background parameters such as outdoor air quality,traffic flow,wind speed,temperature and relative humidity.The results of the research indicate that:the concentrations of PM10,PM2.5 and PM1 at the entrance of tunnel ranged respectively from 35μg·m^-3 to166μg·m^-3,from 33 μg·m^-3 to 154 μg·m^-3,from 20 μg·m^-3 to 105 μg·m^-3;the concentrations of PM10,PM2.5 and PM1 at the northeast exit ranged respectively from 25 μg·m^-3 to 113 μg·m^-3,from 18 μg·m^-3 to 52 μg·m^-3,from 11 μg·m^-3 to 33 μg·m^-3.The concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 in the early peak and off peak of the tunnel entrance was more than the limit value of the two level area in the environmental air quality standard (PM10 150 μg·m^-3 PM2.5 75 μg·m^-3).The excessive concentration of particulates at the entrance of the tunnel may be caused by the outdoor air quality.