我国学校体育的价值功能阐释——基于教育学视角的分析

Interpretation of the Value and Function of School Physical Education in China—— Analysis from the Perspective of Pedagogy

教育作为一种培养人的社会活动,其价值随社会的发展而不断丰富,学校体育作为教育的一部分,在不同的社会时期也发挥着不同的价值功能。运用文献资料、访谈、逻辑分析、归纳总结等方法进行探究后,发现:我国近现代的学校体育价值经历了由社会本位的“军国民体育思想”(1840-1918)、“社会主义体育思想”(1949-1976)、个人本位的“自然主义体育思想”(1919-1937)、“民族主义体育思想”(1937-1949),向多元价值取向的“人文体育思想”(1978-至今)的转变;当前学校体育的价值多元并存,具体表现在身体教育意义、社会教化功能、提高社会的适应性和抗压性、智商和情商的二度开发等方面。

As a kind of social activity to cultivate people,the value of education has been constantly updated with the changes of society.As a part of education,school physical education also plays different value functions in different social periods.By using the methods of literature,interview,logical analysis,induction and summary,this paper holds that the value of school sports in modern China has experienced the social-based“military and national sports thought”(1840-1918),the“socialist sports thought”(1949-1976)and the individual-based“naturalistic sports thought”(1919-1937)and“Nationalist Sports Thought”(1937-1949),as well as“Humanistic Sports Thought”(1978-present)of pluralistic value orientation;the current value of school sports coexists in pluralistic ways,which is embodied in the following aspects:the significance of physical education,the function of social education,the improvement of social adaptability and resistance to pressure,IQ and EQ secondary development.