图像·历史·信仰——五个庙石窟第1窟弥勒经变研究

History,Image and Belief——The Research on the Maitreya Sutra illustration Cave 1 of the Wugemiao Grottoes

五个庙石窟第1窟弥勒经变是敦煌西夏壁画艺术的经典之作,其下部的一处细节尚未释读,经考证表现的是"婆罗门拆幢"。这铺弥勒经变与同时期莫高窟趋于简化的弥勒经变完全不同,不仅内容丰富,还在图像表达上匠心独具,具体表现为老人入墓图独特的坟墓形制和一种七收图的突出,进一步分析发现图像的独特性与历史背景、佛教信仰密切相关,蕴含着丰富的历史文化信息。

the Maitreya Sutra illustration in Cave 1 of the Wugemiao grottoes is a classic work of Dunhuang mural art during the Xixia period.There is an image in the lower part of the Maitreya Sutra illustration that has not been identified yet.By comparing the images,it should be the topmost structure of the circular fabric treasure house,showing details that“the Brahman demolish the treasure house”.This Maitreya Sutra illustration is different from other Maitreya Sutra illustrations at the same period in Mogao grottoes.It is not only rich in content,but also unique in the expression of image,which is embodied in special tomb shape in the image of“the old man entering the tomb”and highlighting the image of“once plant,seven times harvest”.By the investigation,it shows the uniqueness of images is closely related to conditions of history and Buddhism belief in Xixia containing rich historical and cultural information.