激光增材与精密切削加工铝合金技术的发展

Laser Additive Manufacturing & Precision Cutting For Complex Ai-Alloy Thin-Wall Component

基于现代机械制造中部件趋于轻量化、整体化的发展趋势,复杂的薄壁构件得到了大量的应用。针对铝合金薄壁零件激光增材与精密切削加工的零件表面质量不可靠的问题,笔者探讨了激光增材与精密切削加工铝合金的材料结构设计、材料应用、切削加工过程、加工质量和应力控制等方而的研究现状.。通过分析和归纳,得出:控制好构件的冶金结合质量及致密度,以及解决逐层熔化堆积、循环加热冷却和切削加工过程中产生的应力积累效应等问题,可以有效提高铝合金激光增材与精密度切削加工的零件表面质量。

Based on the trend of lightweight and integrated components in modern mechanical manufacturing,complex thin-walled components have been widely used.Aiming at the unreliable surface quality of thin-walled aluminum alloy parts by laser and precision cutting,the research status of material structure design,material application,cutting process,processing quality and stress control of laser additive and precision cutting of aluminum alloy were studied.It is concluded by analysis and induction that the surface quality of parts processed by laser additive and precision cutting of aluminium alloy can be effectively improved by controlling the metallurgical bonding quality and density of components,solving the problems of layer by layer melting and accumulation,cyclic heating and cooling,and stress accumulation during cutting process.