老年流动人口的就医行为及影响因素研究

A study on the behavior and influencing factors of seeking medical treatment in the elderly floating population

近年来,我国老年流动人口的规模持续上升。文章使用2015年全国流动人口动态监测调查数据,从门诊治疗和住院治疗两个方面出发,使用Logit模型和Heckman两步法检验分析老年流动人口的就医行为及其影响因素。结果显示,在患小病时,70岁及以上、以家庭其他成员收入为主要收入来源、家庭人均月收入水平较高、患有高血压或糖尿病的流动老年人选择门诊就医的可能性更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在患需要住院治疗的疾病时,以离退休金/养老金为主要收入来源、自评身体健康的老年流动人口更有可能选择住院治疗。参加医疗保险的类型也对老年流动人口的就医行为存在着显著的影响。此外,外出务工、依靠子女和退休养老三类老年流动人口在门诊就医行为及其影响因素方面也存在显著差异。

Elderly floating population has continued to rise in the recent years.Based on the data from 2015 Floating Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey in China,this study used Logit model and Heckman two⁃step method to analyze elderly floating population’s treatment behavior,including outpatient treatment and residential treatment,and factors that influence their choices.The results showed that for minor ailments,floating elder people aged more than 70,revenue from other members of the family as the main source of income,having higher average household monthly income,with hypertension or diabetes are significantly more likely to choose outpatient treatment(P<0.05).For those floating elder people with diseases that need hospitalization,those who think their health condition is good,retirement or pension as the main source of income are more likely to choose hospitalization.Main source of income and type of medical insurance have significant impact on elderly floating population’s treatment behavior.Besides,elderly floating workers,old floating population who rely on children or pension have significantly different treatment behavior and influencing factors.