山东省生猪养殖至屠宰环节猪圆环病毒2型污染情况调查

Investigation on Infection with PCV2 during the Processes from Pig Production to Slaughtering in Shandong Province

为了解山东省生猪养殖、流通、屠宰加工等环节中猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)的污染状况,选取全省16个地市63个场点(17个养殖场、19个屠宰场、17辆生猪运输车辆以及10个车辆洗消中心),采集环境样品520份,采用荧光PCR方法进行PCV2病原检测。结果显示:各环节均有PCV2污染,其中养殖场、屠宰场、运输车辆、洗消中心的场点阳性率分别为5.88%、5.26%、5.88%和20.00%,样品阳性率分别为2.01%、1.68%、0.75%和2.90%;阳性样品主要来自养殖场的兽医室以及粪污、屠宰场待宰圈和洗消中心污水。结果表明,环境中的PCV2污染面较广,从生猪养殖、运输到屠宰各环节均有散播病毒的风险,其中兽医室、粪污、待宰圈、洗消污水的风险更高。因此,需要加强各环节的生物安全控制,重点防范病毒传播风险较高的环节。本研究解释了近年来国内PCV2感染率一直居高不下的原因,从而为PCV2污染控制提供了依据。

In order to recognize the infection status of porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2)during the processes of pig production,movement,slaughtering and processing in Shandong Province,520 environmental samples were collected from 63 premises(including 17 farms,19 slaughterhouses,17 vehicles for transporting live pigs and 10 decontamination centers for vehicles)in 16 cities across the province for PCV2 detection by real-time PCR.The results showed that PCV2 infection was found in all processes,specifically,the premise positive rates of farms,slaughterhouses,vehicles and decontamination centers were 5.88%,5.26%,5.88%and 20.00%,respectively,and the sample positive rates were 2.01%,1.68%,0.75%and 2.90%,respectively;furthermore,positive samples were mainly collected from veterinary offices and feces in farms,waiting lairages in slaughterhouses,and waste water in decontamination centers.It was concluded that PCV2 spread widely in environment,and the risk existed in the processes of pig production,movement and slaughtering,especially in veterinary office,feces,waiting lairages of slaughterhouses,waste water in decontamination centers which were at higher risk.Thus,bio-safety control during all processes should be strengthened with an emphasis on those at higher risk.In this paper,the reason why the infection rate of PCV2 remained at a high level was explained,which provided a basis for control of the disease.