特朗普政府北极战略变化的国内因素分析

Analysis of Domestic Factors of Trump Administration’s Arctic Strategy Changes

特朗普政府在北极战略安全环境评估、气候环境保护立场,北极资源开发、北极地区的合作范围、美国在北极的海上力量与军事安全等方面与奥巴马政府期间确有较大的变化,在某些方面甚至南辕北辙。本文以美国国内因素为视角,对特朗普政府时期美国北极战略变化的原因进行分析,主要有三,一是信奉经济民族主义的特朗普政府为满足自身利益集团和国内经济需求选择了开发北极能源资源的战略;二是阿拉斯加州政府为了地方经济的发展助推特朗普政府北极战略的变化方向;三是关键社会群体——阿拉斯加的工人阶层和原住民拥护和支持特朗普政府的北极战略。

The Trump administration has made significant changes compared with the Obama administration in the Arctic strategic security environment assessment,climate environmental protection stance,Arctic resource development,the scope of cooperation in the Arctic region,and the United States'sea power and military security in the Arctic.This article analyzes the reasons for the changes in the US Arctic strategy during the Trump administration from the perspective of domestic factors in the United States.There are three main reasons.First,the Trump administration,which believes in economic nationalism,chose to develop the Arctic resources strategy in order to meet its own interests group and domestic economic needs;second,the Alaska government's push for change in the Trump administration's Arctic strategy for local economic development;third,the key social group——the working class and aboriginal people in Alaska champion and support the Trump administration's Arctic strategy.