直播稻不同生育阶段受旱对耗水特性和产量的影响

Effects of drought on water requirement and yield of direct-seeding rice at different growth stages

在防雨棚下利用盆栽模拟机械穴直播中稻,设置5种不同受旱模式,对机械穴直播条件下不同生育阶段受旱对水稻耗水特性和产量形成影响进行了研究.结果表明,水稻的耗水量与受旱模式具有明显的相关性,其中拔节孕穗期的受旱处理对水稻全生育期耗水量总量影响最大.不同生育期受旱处理对水稻分蘖数的影响不尽相同,在分蘖期受旱时则会造成分蘖数降低,但在下一个生育期恢复正常灌溉后能得到一定程度的缓解,而在拔节孕穗期后受旱则影响不大.水稻在单独一个生育期经受轻度干旱一般减产并不明显,受干旱影响最大的生育期为拔节孕穗期和抽穗开花期.

Five different drought models were set up to study the effect of drought on water consumption and yield formation of rice in different growth stages.The results showed that there was a significant correlation between the water consumption of rice and the drought model,and the drought treatment at the jointing and booting stage had the greatest impact on the total water consumption of rice in the whole growth period.The effect of drought treatment in different growth periods on tiller number of rice is different.In the tiller period,the number of tillers will decrease,and it will be alleviated after normal irrigation in the next growth period,but not after jointing and booting period.In a single growth period,the yield reduction of rice is not obvious under light drought,and the growth period that is most affected by drought is jointing booting period and heading flowering period.