直系组家庭:当代家庭形态和代际关系分析的视角

The Lineal Family:An Analysis of the Contemporary Family Form and Intergenerational Relationships

中国当代家庭形态的"现代"趋向显著,但亲子关系中的"传统"行为仍很浓厚,既有家庭概念难以表达亲子"分中有合、合中有分"的生活实践和互动状态。直系组家庭概念将直系存世成员所组成的家庭、家户整合为一个新的亲属组织,把形式上分异、独立的家庭、家户有机地融入一个既"虚"又"实"的关系家庭中。直系组家庭还是一种将家庭结构和代际关系结合起来分析当代家庭及其关系的新方法,由此可获得更为丰富的存世直系成员居住方式、代际关系信息。借助2015年5省市第一代独生子女家庭调查数据,以城市第一代独生子女父母为考察本位,从夫系、妇系双系角度分析当代城市简约直系组家庭的特征,说明直系组家庭考察是一项可行的分析范式,是全面认识直系成员居住方式、互动水平和问题的有效途径。直系组家庭概念不仅对家庭理论具有丰富和扩展价值,而且有较强社会实践意义。

The contemporary form of the Chinese family is significantly“modern,”but“traditional”behavior in the parent-child relationship is still very strong.The existing concept of the family finds it hard to express the life practice and interactive state of the parent-child relationship:a state of simultaneous separation and integration.The concept of the lineal family integrates families or households composed of surviving members of the line of descent into a new kinship organization,organically reassembling the formally discrete and independent families and households into a relational family that is both“virtual”and“real.”The concept of the lineal family offers a new method of analyzing the contemporary family and its relationships by combining family structure with intergenerational relationships so as to obtain more abundant information on the style of living and intergenerational relationships of surviving lineal members.Drawing on the survey data of the first generation of one-child families in five provinces and cities in 2015,this paper focuses on the first generation of urban one-child parents to analyze the characteristics of simple lineal families in contemporary cities from the perspective of the family lines of both husband and wife,with a view to demonstrating that the study of lineal families is a feasible analytical paradigm and an effective way to gain a comprehensive understanding of the style of living,level of interaction and problems of lineal family members.The concept of the lineal family not only has value for enriching and expanding the theory of the family;it also has strong practical significance for society.