复发性流产患者心理状况调查及社会支持分析

Survey of psychological status and social support analysis in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion

目的调查复发性流产(RSA)患者的焦虑、抑郁情况并分析其与社会支持的相关性,为采取相应干预措施提供依据。方法选取2017年1月至2018年6月在深圳市妇幼保健院就诊的RSA患者300例为RSA组、同期已婚育龄妇女130例为对照组,采用一般情况调查表、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)及社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对患者进行调查,对结果进行SPSS统计及Pearson相关性分析。结果RSA组和对照组分别发放调查问卷300份和130份,分别收回有效问卷286份(95.33%)和122份(93.85%)。RSA组的SAS、SDS得分分别为(44.6984±7.8011)及(47.8788±10.3931),均高于对照组的(41.2602±7.2843)及(45.4065±9.7385),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。RSA组65例(22.73%)发生焦虑,显著高于对照组13例(10.66%,P<0.05);84例(29.37%)发生抑郁,略高于对照组30例(24.59%,P=0.088)。RSA组SSRS总分(40.68±7.86)显著低于对照组(45.64±6.78,P=0.04)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,RSA组的SAS、SDS得分与其SSRS总分均呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。结论RSA患者焦虑、抑郁水平较高,而且与社会支持呈密切负相关。关注RSA人群的心理问题,积极的心理干预及心理支持显得尤为重要;重视患者家属的宣教,构建完善的社会支持系统,促进患者康复。

Objective:To investigate the status of anxiety and depression of patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion(RSA)and analyze its correlation with social support,and provide evidences for taking appropriate intervention measures.Methods:A total of 300 patients with RSA who hospitalized in Shenzhen Maternal&Child Health Hospital from January 2017 to June 2018 were selected as RSA group and 130 married women of childbearing age as control group.The patients were surveyed by using the general situation questionnaire,Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SDS),Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS),and Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS).All data were analyzed by SPSS and Pearson correlation.Results:A total of 300 questionnaires and 130 questionnaires were respectively distributed in the RSA group and control group,and 286(95.33%)and 122(93.85%)useful questionnaires were returned.The scores of SAS[(44.6984±7.8011)vs.(41.2602±7.2843)]and SDS[(47.8788±10.3931)vs.(45.4065±9.7385)]in the RSA group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Anxiety occurred in the 65 patients of the RSA group(65/286,22.73%),which was significantly higher than that in the control group(13/122,10.66%)(P<0.05).Eighty-four patients(29.37%)developed depression in RSA group,which was slightly higher than the control group(24.59%)(P=0.088).The total score of SSRS in the RSA group(40.68±7.86)was significantly lower than that in the control group(45.64±6.78,P=0.04).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the scores of SAS and SDS were closely negatively correlated with SSRS total scores in the RSA patients(P<0.05).Conclusions:The levels of anxiety and depression in RSA patients are significantly higher than those in normal healthy women,and are closely negatively related to social support.The psychological problems of the RSA population should be paid attention to,and positive psychological intervention and support are particularly important.Emphasis on publicity and education of family members of patients and a perfect social support system should be constructed to promote patient rehabilitation.