李清照《新荷叶》写作缘起考辨

Research on the Origin of Li Qingzhao's"New Lotus Leaves"

陈祖美先生的《李清照评传》将《新荷叶•薄露初零》的作年系于宋徽宗大观二年(1108年),认为这首词是李清照为晁补之五十六岁诞辰所上寿词,并推测李清照曾偕丈夫赵明诚亲自从青州往金乡向晁补之祝寿。曹辛华先生认为该词是为韩肖胄而作,且应系于绍兴三年(1133年)。事实上,此年赵家受党争打击才一年有余,其时晁补之未出党籍,以李清照的聪慧及对党争的敏感,为赵家前途计、为维护幸福的夫妻生活与和睦的家庭关系计,她是不会亲身更不会偕赵明诚向晁补之祝寿的。因此,将这首词视作李清照于大观二年私下为晁补之所作,并借以遥祝寿诞、聊表敬意,似较为合理。

In her A Critical Biography of Li Qingzhao,Chen Zumei believed that"New Lotus Leaves"was written in the second year of Dazong,Emperor Huizong's reign,Song Dynasty(1108).Professor Chen thought that this verse was written by Li Qingzhao as a gift for the fifty-sixth birthday of Chao Buzhi.And Chen speculated that Li Qingzhao and her husband Zhao Mingcheng once went from Qingzhou to Jinxiang to attend Chao's birthday party.Professor Cao Xinhua believed that the work was written for Han Xiaozhou and that the time of writing should be in 1133.As a matter of fact,the Zhao family had been hit by party struggle just a year before the above-mentioned birthday,while Chao Buzhi still held a party membership by then.Li Qingzhao,who was intelligent and sensitive to party disputes,would probably consider the future of Zhao family and try to maintain happy and harmonious relationships in the family,and thus would unlikely go to Chao's birthday party,with or without Zhao Mingcheng.Therefore,it is more reasonable to think that"New Lotus Leaves"was written by Li Qingzhao privately for Chao Buzhi's birthday in 1108,and was sent to the latter from a different place.