社会经济地位影响儿童物体分类规则模仿

Socioeconomic status influences children’s imitation of object categorization rule

本文主要考察了社会经济地位是否会影响儿童的分类规则模仿能力。实验采用2×2×2混合设计,被试为84名4岁儿童,其中高社会经济地位儿童40名,低社会经济地位儿童44名。儿童观察主试按照颜色或声音对物体进行分类,测试阶段主要考察儿童是否能够模仿主试所演示的分类规则。结果表明,高社会经济地位儿童分类得分显著高于低社会经济地位儿童。儿童在颜色分类任务上的得分显著高于声音分类任务得分。进一步分析表明,高社会经济地位儿童在颜色和声音分类任务上的得分均显著高于随机水平。但是,低社会经济地位儿童仅在颜色分类任务上显著高于随机水平,在声音分类任务上与随机水平不存在显著差异。总之,社会经济地位影响儿童的分类规则模仿,低社会经济地位可能对儿童的认知发展产生不利影响。

In the current study,the influence of socio-economic status(SES)on preschooler’s imitation of object categorization was investigated.This study took 2×2×2 mixed-design,which including 40 high-SES children and 44 low-SES children.The experimenter showed that she categorized four objects based on their color or sound during the demonstration.Then the children were allowed to manipulate the objects to see whether they could imitate the object categorization rules.The results showed that the high-SES children performed significant better than the low-SES children.Children performed significant better on the color categorization task than the sound categorization task.Further analysis showed that the high-SES children performed significantly above the level of chance on both of the two tasks.The low-SES children performed significantly above the level of chance on the color categorization task,but not on the sound categorization task.In conclusion,the SES influences children’s imitation of object categorization rule.The low SES may produce negative effects on children’s cognitive development.